Well-rig



E. D. HIATT.

WELL ma.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4. 19.19.

Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

il j @W I l (Lumi E. D. HIATT.

WELL me. y APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4| |919.

$332,496. .Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

E. D. HIATT.

WELL RIG.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4. 1915.

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Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

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witness ELWOOD D. HIA'IT, OF BROKEN ARROW, OKLAHOMA.

WELL-.1111@ regenen.

Application lerl 'March 4, Yi919.

To all 107mm t may concern.-

Be it known .that vEnwooo D. HIATT, a citizen of fthe- United States, residing at Broken Arrow, in the county of Tulsa and State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVell-Rigs; and l do hereby vdecla-re the folliwing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invent-ion, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention, while involving certain features of construction generally applicable t0 hoisting rigs, `has 'been especially devised for use with rigs employed in drilling and operating wells, or for like purposes, where itis desired to pull orotherwise manipulate casing, "tubing, pumping or sucker-rods, etc.

In well drilling and operating it vis frequently desirable in inserting and pnl-ling casing, tubing and sucker-rods, to be able to handle at one and the same time both a string and a section of the articles manipulated and to control the relation of the said articles, as for linstance when lengthening or shortening the string by the addition or removal of a'section. To effect this purpose I combine with a reel, or reels adapted to move in unison, `a :plurality of casing, tubing, or hoisting lines wound reversely on the reel or respective reel sections, whereby las the load on one hoisting line is lifted the load on the other hoisting `line fis lowered.

In order to be able primarily "to radjust Ithe relation of the free ends @f the casing,

tubing, or hoisting lines, or the swivel hooks thereon, as well as thereafter to alter the saine, l prefer to combine asectional `reel or a plural-'ity of reels, -a `shaft `conrrnon to said sections or reels and on which said sections or reels are relatively rotatable, and a coupling whereby said reel sections or reels may be caused to revolve in unison in the saine direction or may be permitted to .revolve independently, as desired.

In order `to prevent interference of the tubing, casing, or hoisting lines and their loads, l preferably employ a hoisting line guide that is controlled by the more heavily loaded line, the said guide being preferably formed `as an oscillating yguide frame having projections or arms which contact with the tubing lines; and the combination, with the casing or tubing lines, of `an oscillating line guide embodies one feature of my invention.

ln order to operate the reel brakes simul- Speccation of LettersvPatent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

Serial No. 280.522.

taneously, as well as to equalize the braking ,power on the respective brakes, I prefer to connect the crank members of the respective brake-bands by means of links and an equal `izing member; and such a combination einbodies a further feature of my invention.

rllhere are minor features of invention, as

will Ihereinafter appear and be pointed out in the claims.

lin the drawings chosen t0 illustrate my invention, the scope whereof will be pointed out in the claims,

Figure l is a side elevation of a well rig or mechanism embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the rig shown in Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is a detail view of the base of the rig, the separable sectional reel being in longitudinal section.

Fig. i is a horizontal sectional view of the rig frame at its base, showing the relation and connection of the lbrake-band `cranks and vtheir lmode of attachment to the frame.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the pawl and ratchet devices for manually rotating the reels or reel sections in `either direction.

Fig. `6 `is Ian enlarged detail view of the upper part of the rig frame, the crown pulleys, the tubing lines and the line guide.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of lthe tubing line guide.

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of a mechanism embodying my invention showing a form of construction well adapted for operation by an automobile, motor truck, tractor or other source vof power.

Fig. 9 is a view in elevation of a portion ofthe apparatus ,shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. l0 `is a detail view `of a portion of the apparatusshown in Fig. 8.

Like symbols refer to like parts wherever Jthey occur.

I will now proceed to describe my invention more full-y so that others skilled in the art to which it appertains may apply the same.

The invention, considered as a whole, lreadily adapts itself to a portable form, and in the present instance, therefore, a portable rig has been chosen for purposes of illus tration.

In the drawings, A indicates the well platform, derriclr iloor, or its equivalent which determines the location of the derrick B when inservice.

In the case of a portable rig the base Z) of the derrick B may conveniently engage the platform A which serves as an abutment, the rig being supported in'an upright position when in service by means of the usual guys C, C, and being so inclined that the casing or tubing lines will aline with the bore of the well. side of the rig` the guy lines may diverge from their points of attachment near the crown pulleys to the opposite sides of the platform so as not to obstruct the working area.

. D, D indicate road wheels which are preferably attached to a cross brace Z of the rig frame.

The frame B is preferably composed of two members 1 and 2 which converge from the base, where they are connected and braced by the cross members 3 and 4, to the crown pulleys at or near the top of the frame, where they are connected and braced by a cross piece 7 There are two crown pulleys 5 and 6 for the corresponding tubing or hoisting lines 8 and 9 wound on the respective reel sections 10 and 11, and each tubing line may be furnished at-its free end with the usual swivel hook, 8, 9a, for engaging a tubing or casing elevato-r, as shown a-t E, E in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

The reel sections 10 and 11, which are mounted on the single shaft 12, are designed to rotate in unison or independently, as required, and for this purpose are, as herein shown (see Fig. 3) clutch connected by pins 10a tting in pin holes 11a. By separating them longitudinally of the shaft 12, which may be done when the limit collar 13 on the shaft has been loosened, they can be disconnected so as to be rotated independently. This provision for independent rotation of the reels 10 and 11 is made in orderV that the desired working relations of the hooks 8*L and 9a may be adjusted and slack or stretch in the tubing lines 8 .and 9 may be taken up if necessary.

In order to be able to rotate the reel sections manually, I mount on shaft 12 and connect directly to one of said sections the rack member 14 of a ratchet vmechanism whose pawly 15 may beso pivoted on the lever 1G that it may be reversed for reversing the rotary movement of the reel or reel section.

Where a relative adjustment of the tubing or hoisting lines 8 and 9 is not desired, or if other provision is made therefor, the drums or reel sections 10 and 11 lmay of course be integrally formed, the pin clutch connections 10a, 11a being omitted.

In addition to its drum portion for the reception of the attached tubing or hoisting line 8 or 9, as the case may be, each of the reel sections 10 and 11 has a rigidly attached line drum (10b or 11b) for the respec- In front or on the well tive power-lines 17 and 18. Where an engine is not available the reel sections 10 and 11 may be rotated by horses hitched to the power lines 17 and 18, as will be readily understood; but the shaft 12 and drums mounted thereon may be driven by anengine through the instrumentality of a belt pulley 26 secured to the shaft, the reel section 11 in such case being also rigidly secured to the shaft.

Pivoted on the cross brace 7 just below the crown-pulleys and projecting between the tubing lines 8 and 9 in front of said cross brace is an oscillating guide member 19 of a character -to engage and separate both of the tubing or hoisting lines when oscillated. Preferably this guide is cruciform, the lower portions of the verticals 19 being connected by a web 19b which prevents any possible entanglement of the swivel hooks 8a, 9il with the guide. It is also preferably provided with a plurality of contact rollers 19c journaled on its dependent end and on the ends of its lateral arms.

Band brakes 20 and 21 are provided for the respective reels or reel sections 10 and 11. Each of these band brakes is secured at one end to one of the cross members 3 and 4 of the derrick base, while the opposite end of each brake band is attached to its own crank member 20a or 21a, as the case may be. The brake-bands and corresponding cranks by means of which the brakes are applied are respectively attached to oppositely disposed cross-bars of the base. Thus, the band 20 is attached to the cross member 4 and its operating crank 20a is journaled on cross-bar 3, while brake-band 21 is attached to cross-bar 3 and its operating crank 21a is journaled on cross-bar 4. The two operating cranks 20EL and 21al are connected at their adjacent ends by links 22 and an intermediate pivoted lever or equalized bar 22a, which latter is connected by a link 23 with the inner end of a crank shaft 24 to the outer end of which a brake lever 25 is secured, so that the brakes of the respective reels are oppositely and simultaneously applied.

The tubing or hoisting lines 8 and 9 are reversely coiled on the reel sections or reels v 10 and 11,'so that when the reel sections or reels rotate in' either direction one swivel hook rises while the other descends, the swivel hooks 8a and 9a maintaining a relative relation regulated by the previous adjustment of the comparative effective lengths of the lines 8 and 9, so that in adding or removing a section or casing, tubing or pumping rod the removed or added section will be controlled, raised from or lowered to the derrick floor independently of, though simultaneously with, the movement ofdthe string of casing, tubing or pumping ro s.

As before noted, the reels may be driven by any suitable power; but where the rig is a portable one it may be convenient to use the power lines 17 and 18, which are also reversely wound on the line drums 10b and 1lb. The respective power lines are preferably wound in reverse direction to the tubing or hoisting lines (8 and 9) -to which they are severally adjacent. This relative arrangement of the power lilies and tubing or hoisting lines allows the reversal of rotation of the reels when coupled and operating as a unit, .as well as `the independent rotation of the reel sections 10` and 11 when uncoupled.

The construction illustrated in Figs.l 8 and 9 is especially suitable for employing as motive power the engine of an automobile, motor truck or tractor. In this construction A `indicates the well `platform or derrick floor Vand B 'is the derrick. The latter, if desired, may be of substantially the same construction as that shown in the other figures of the drawings and heretofore described. That is to say, it may be of general triangular form having upwardly converging side members which are connected and braced at their lower ends by cross members 3 and 4, and which at their upper ends bear crown pulleys for the respective tubing or hoisting lines S and 9. Only one of the crown pulleys, 5, is shown in Fig. 8; but a second pulley, 6, is of course employed, as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 6. Road wheels D, which may be attached to a cross-brace al of the derrick frame, are preferably employed; and lan oscillating guide member 19 having rollers 19c for contacting and separating the tubing or casing lines, as already described, are preferably also employed.

The lines 8 and 9 may be provided at their free ends with the customary swivel hooks, 8 and 9- respectively, for sustaining an elevator adapted to engage tubing, casing, sucker-rods, or the like. After passing over its crown pulley the line 8 preferably passes around a pulley 27 which is journaled on a horizontal shaft 29 mounted on the derrick B near the lower end thereof; and from the pulley 27 the line 8 thence passes around Land is spooled upon the reel section or reel 10. Similarly, the line 9 preferably passes from its crown pulley around a pulley 28, corresponding to the pulley 27 and likewise journaled on the shaft 29, and thence passes to the reel section or reel 11c upon which it is wound or spooled in the reverse direction to the way in which the line 8 is coiled upon the reel l0.

Like the reel sections 10 and 11 heretofore described, the reel sections 10c and 11, which are mounted on the shaft 30, are designed to rotate in unison or, as occasion may require, to be rotated independently to adjust the lines 8 and 9n to the relative lengths required for any operation. F or this purpose it is preferred to employ pins carried by one reel member and entering appropriate holes in the other Ireel member, as shown in Fig. 3 and already described. By loosening the limit collar 18 and shifting the reel member 10e along the shaft 30 the reel sections may be detached and independently rotated to effect an adjustment of the lines 8 and 9, as will be readily apparent.

Each of the reel members is pro-vided with a brake drum` or rim for cooperating with a corresponding brake band. These brake bands and the cranks, links, equalizer bar and brake lever by which they are operated are the same in construction and mode of operation as the brake mechanism shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, and hereto- 'fore described, and accordingly lthey have been indicated by corresponding reference characters on the drawings. The timbers or frame members 3a and 4a afford respective anchorages for one end of each of the brake bands 20 and 21.

The reel members 10c and 11c and adjacent associated parts may be mounted at a convenient point on the chassis or frame 31 of an. automobile, motor truck or tractor, it being preferred to employ for this purpose a frame or bed 32 having upright brackets 33 secured thereto and affording bearings for the shaft 30. One of the reel members, preferably llc, is secured to the shaft 30 so as to rotate therewith. 0n the end of said shaft preferably is mounted a sprocket wheel or cog wheel 34C which is connected by a sprocket chain or shaft 35 to a sprocket wheel or cog wheel 36 that is secured to a shaft 37 driven from the engine of the automobile, motor truck or tractor. By reversing gears the direction of rotation of the shaft 37 may be changed and the direction of rotation of the reel members l()c and 11c correspondingly altered at will, thus allowing the tubing' or casing lines 8 and 9 to be operated simultaneously and alternately to raise and lower tubing, casing, sucker rods and the like, as heretofore explained.

Provision for manually rotating the reel sections 10c and 11c preferably is also made, such means preferably consisting of a rack member 14, a reversible pawl 15 and a lever 16. These parts require no further description, since they correspond in form and purpose to parts which already have been described and which are indicated by corresponding reference characters.

Vhat l claim is:

1. In a well rig, the combination with the sections of a sectional reel, of coupling devices for causing said sections to rotate in unison, a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on said reel, and a plurality of power lines reversely wound on said reel.

2. In a well rig, the combination with a sectional reel, of a shaft common to the several sections of the reel, the said sections being longitudinally separable on said shaft, a. coupling mechanism for the said separable sections, a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on the respective reel sections and a plurality of power lines reversely wound on the respective reel sections.

3. In a well rig, the combination of a reel, a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on the reel, and a line guide interposed between the hoisting lines and adapted simultaneously to engage both of said lines.

t. In a well rig, the combination with a reel, of a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on said reel, and an oscillating line guide suspended between the said lines.

5. In a wellrig, the combination with a reeL of a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on said reel, and an oscillating line guide provided with contact rollers for said lines, said guide being interposed between said lines.

6. In a well rig, the combination with a sectional reel, of a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on the respective reel sections, and a plurality of band brakes for the respective reel sections, saidband brakes having `oppositely disposed points of attachment and oppositely disposed band cranks.

7. In awell rig, the combination with a sectional reel, of a plurality of hoisting lines reversely wound on the respective reel sections, a plurality of band brakes, independent crank shafts for the respective band brakes, and an equalizing device for connecting the independent crank-shafts with each other.

In testimony whereof I afiX my signature.

ELWOOD D. HIATT. 

